A footnote consists of the footnote reference number displayed in the text and the text of the footnote. The footnote reference number is placed right after the punctuation marks.

Misuse: … died in 534/11391.  Correct Use: … died in 534/1139.2

If more than one source is to be written in a footnote, the sources should be sorted in chronological order: classical sources, new research and reviews (books/articles) and encyclopaedias. The bibliographical information for the two works is separated by a semicolon (;). In Arabic texts, the mark (؛) is used.

Example: Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm b. Ismāʿīl al-Zāhid al-Ṣaffār al-Bukharī, Talkhīṣ al-adilla li-qawāʿid al-tawḥīd, Critical ed. Angelika Brodersen (Beirut: al-Maʿhad al-Almānī li’l-Abḥāth al-Sharqiyya, 1432/2011), 2/143; Uzunpostalcı, “Ebû Hanîfe”, 132.